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Morphology of Mesoporous Silica Revealed by Low-kV SEM Imaging

Tescan MIRA XR provides high-resolution insight into SBA-15 particle shape and structure.

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From Macroscale Particle Size Determination to Nanoscale Pore Structure in One Workflow

Mesoporous silica materials like SBA-15 are valued for their well-ordered pores, large surface area, and tunable pore size. But to evaluate them properly, especially in their native form, the imaging method needs to match the material’s sensitivity. Too much energy, and delicate details are lost.

This study demonstrates how Tescan MIRA XR, equipped for low-voltage, high-resolution SEM imaging, allows researchers to directly observe nanorod morphology and porosity in SBA-15 without charging, coating, or damage. This is especially beneficial when performing investigations of beam-sensitive nanoscale materials.

What Makes

This Imaging Approach Different?

01
Root of the Problem

Gentle Imaging for Fragile Structures

Porous nanoparticles like SBA-15 are inherently sensitive. Their usefulness in catalysis, drug delivery, and molecular separation depends on pore structure and size, and the resulting surface area. Conventional SEM can damage the uncoated surfaces, and other analytical techniques may not be able to accurately capture surface detail.

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) offers excellent resolution but often lacks context and requires thinning. Standard SEM, meanwhile, can produce charging artifacts unless the sample is coated. The challenge was to find a way to see SBA-15’s real surface structure without altering it. 

02
Materials and Methods

Low-Voltage SEM Imaging of As-Synthesized Mesoporous Powders

The sample was as-synthesized mesoporous silica SBA-15 powder, produced using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and a triblock copolymer template. The powder was mounted directly onto a conductive carbon tape without additional coating or processing.

Imaging was performed on a Tescan MIRA XR using BrightBeam™ optics in low-voltage conditions: 800 eV acceleration voltage, 10 pA beam current, and an in-column Axial detector, with each field of view acquired in under one minute—imaging parameters that reduce charging and preserve the synthesized sample.

The resulting images showed both rod-like and curved particle shapes, along with nanoscale pore structure, providing a basis for qualitative and statistical shape assessment.

03
Results and Discussion

Native Morphology, Clearly Captured

SEM imaging under these conditions produced high-contrast views of individual SBA-15 particles. Surface porosity, curvature, and length variation were recorded with each image acquisition, delivering sufficient data to support meaningful statistical analysis of the particles.

Notably, no conductive coating was used, and the applied beam parameters suppressed charging artifacts. This indicates that low-voltage SEM imaging, when properly configured, is sufficient for direct analysis of non-conductive nanostructures like mesoporous silica.

Tescan MIRA XR provides a practical tool for labs investigating nanoscale materials properties, connecting micro- and nanoscale structure to synthesis effects, scaling consistency, or application-specific morphology in porous nanomaterials.

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Tescan Instruments & Technology

Used in This Workflow

Tescan MIRA XR

A versatile UHR-SEM system for beam-sensitive samples.

  • Reveal fine surface details with BrightBeam™ electron optics and efficient signal collection

  • Preserve delicate or uncoated samples through low-voltage imaging

  • Achieve sub-nanometer resolution with optimized in-column detection for nanoscale surface information

MIRA XR GM MONO Metal

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Tescan Brno
Libušina třída 21
623 00 Brno
Czech Republic

info@Tescan.com 

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